What Antennas Are Used in Robotic Dogs?
Author: Yingshun Communications (A professional supplier in the antenna industry with 10 years of design experience in wireless communications)
Published: March 27, 2026
Introduction
In recent years, driven by advancements in AI technology, the design and manufacturing techniques for robots and robotic dogs have reached a new level of maturity. These robotic companions are now transitioning from the confines of the laboratory into real-world applications—ranging from inspection and emergency rescue operations to even serving as household companions. While many observers focus on their joint motors, sensors, and AI algorithms, few pay much attention to a critical yet often-overlooked component: the antenna.
So, exactly which antennas are utilized in robotic dogs? What specific functions does each one perform? Furthermore, given the constraints of a compact chassis and the potential interference caused by metal joints, what unique design considerations must be taken into account?
Types of Antennas Used by Robotic Dogs: Classified by Function
Currently, commercial and industrial-grade robotic dogs typically integrate 3 to 5 types of antennas, each covering a distinct communication link. The table below summarizes the mainstream types and their respective applications:
I. Wi-Fi/Bluetooth Combined Antenna: The Most Commonly Used Communication Window
1.1 Function
After the robot dog is powered on, most interactions are completed via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth:
Debugging and Configuration: Engineers connect to the robot dog's Wi-Fi hotspot via tablet or PC to perform parameter calibration and joint alignment.
Near-Range Remote Control: Under unobstructed conditions, the 2.4GHz Wi-Fi remote control distance can reach 100–200 meters.
Video Transmission: The onboard camera footage is typically transmitted in real-time via the Wi-Fi 6 or 5GHz band, requiring high bandwidth.
1.2 Design Challenges
The robot dog's torso is mostly made of aluminum alloy or carbon fiber, which severely shields the antenna signal. Two common solutions are:
External Antenna: Such as a plastic rod or fiberglass antenna placed on the robot dog's back, ensuring omnidirectional radiation.
Internal FPC Antenna: Attached to the inside of the plastic top cover or leg guards, avoiding metal obstruction.
2. 4G / 5G Antennas: Keeping the Robot Dog "Always Online"
2.1 Why Are They Necessary?
In the following scenarios, Wi-Fi antennas are unable to meet operational requirements:
Remote Inspection: In environments such as substations or chemical plants, the robot dog must transmit real-time video and sensor data back to a control center located several kilometers away.
3. GNSS Antennas: The Foundation of Navigation and Positioning
3.1 How Does a Robotic Dog Know Where It Is?
Robotic dogs operating outdoors must rely on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for positioning. Common configurations include:
GPS L1 / BeiDou B1: Provides high precision.
Multi-band (L1+L5 / B1+B2): Offers interference resistance, making it suitable for urban or forested environments.
3.2 Antenna Form Factors
GNSS antennas typically utilize ceramic patch antennas, which are frequently mounted at the highest point of the robotic dog.
4.Conclusion: Antenna is not a "supporting role"
Returning to the title question - What antennas are used on robotic dogs?
The answer is: Depending on the application scenario, the antennas used are also different.
Consumer grade robotic dog: Wi Fi/Bluetooth+GNSS built-in antenna.
Industrial grade robotic dog: multi frequency cellular+GNSS antenna.
Reference materials and extended reading
Antenna Design for Small Robots - Liu Zhenyu, Electronic Industry Press, 2025
3GPP TR 38.901-5G Channel Model and Terminal Antenna Requirements
Disclaimer: This article is an original technical sharing, based on the author's actual project experience and publicly available materials. Reproduction without permission is not allowed. The products and manufacturers mentioned in the article are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any commercial recommendations.
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